A Level Psychology OCR Practice Exam

The central coherence theory posits that individuals with autism tend to focus more on specific details rather than integrating these details into a holistic understanding of a situation. This theory suggests that they may excel at processing isolated pieces of information yet struggle to see the overall pattern or context surrounding those details. Consequently, this detail-focused processing can contribute to challenges in social interactions and the ability to interpret social cues, since such interactions often require a broader understanding of context.

In contrast, the other options reflect characteristics or abilities that are typically not associated with autism according to this theory. Specifically, spotting overall patterns or superior social awareness would indicate a capacity for central coherence, which the theory suggests individuals with autism often lack. Additionally, the notion of having difficulty with literal interpretations addresses a different aspect of communication rather than central coherence itself. This indicates that the answer about detail-oriented focus best captures the essence of what central coherence theory describes regarding autism.